Concurrent Mark-Sweep (CMS) is a garbage collection algorithm used in programming languages like Java to manage memory. It helps reclaim memory occupied by objects that are no longer in use, ensuring efficient memory utilization. The process involves two main phases: marking and sweeping. During the marking phase, the algorithm identifies live objects, while in the sweeping phase, it removes the unmarked objects, freeing up space. One of the key features of CMS is that it operates concurrently with the application, minimizing pauses during execution. This allows for smoother performance in applications that require low latency, making it suitable for real-time systems and interactive applications.