The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA) is a U.S. law enacted in 1986 to address computer-related crimes. It makes it illegal to access a computer system without authorization, which includes hacking, spreading malware, and stealing data. The law aims to protect government and financial institutions, as well as private individuals, from cyber threats. Over the years, the CFAA has been amended to cover new technologies and methods of cybercrime. It provides penalties for various offenses, including unauthorized access and damage to computer systems. The act is often cited in legal cases involving cybercrime and is a key tool for law enforcement agencies.