Comedia Nueva refers to a style of Spanish theater that emerged in the late 16th century, characterized by its blend of comedy and drama. This new form of play often included elements of romance, adventure, and social commentary, making it more relatable to audiences of the time. Prominent playwrights like Lope de Vega and Tirso de Molina were key figures in the development of Comedia Nueva. Their works often featured complex characters and intricate plots, reflecting the changing social dynamics of Spain during the Golden Age of literature.