Columbite is a black mineral that primarily consists of iron, manganese, and niobium. It is often found in granitic and pegmatitic rocks and is an important source of niobium, a metal used in steel production and electronics. Columbite is typically associated with other minerals like tantalite and can be identified by its high density and distinctive crystal structure. The mineral is named after Columbia, the historical name for the United States, reflecting its discovery in North America. Columbite is often mined in countries such as Brazil and Nigeria, where it occurs in significant quantities. Its extraction is vital for various industrial applications, particularly in the aerospace and automotive sectors.