A coke oven is a specialized industrial furnace used to convert coal into coke, a porous and carbon-rich material. This process, known as carbonization, involves heating coal in the absence of air at high temperatures, typically around 1,000 to 1,200 degrees Celsius. The resulting coke is primarily used in the production of steel and serves as a fuel and reducing agent in blast furnaces. Coke ovens are often arranged in long rows, forming a battery of ovens. The process not only produces coke but also generates byproducts like coal tar and ammoniacal liquor, which can be further processed for various chemical products. Proper management of emissions and waste is essential to minimize environmental impact.