Cog railways are specialized rail systems designed to transport passengers up steep inclines. They use a cogwheel mechanism that engages with a toothed rack rail, allowing the train to climb steep gradients safely. This design is particularly useful in mountainous regions where traditional railways would struggle. These railways are often found in scenic areas, providing access to breathtaking views and popular tourist destinations. One famous example is the Cog Railway on Mount Washington in the United States, which offers visitors a unique experience as they ascend one of the highest peaks in the northeastern U.S.