Coalition formation refers to the process by which individuals or groups come together to achieve a common goal or interest. This can occur in various contexts, such as politics, business, or social movements. By collaborating, members of a coalition can pool resources, share expertise, and increase their influence, making it easier to address challenges or pursue objectives. In political settings, coalition formation often involves parties or organizations negotiating alliances to gain a majority or strengthen their position. These coalitions can be temporary or long-lasting, depending on the goals and dynamics of the involved parties, such as political parties, interest groups, or social organizations.