Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, or CRISPR, are segments of DNA found in the genomes of bacteria and archaea. They serve as a part of the immune system for these microorganisms, allowing them to recognize and defend against viral infections. The sequences are made up of short, repetitive DNA segments that are interspersed with unique sequences derived from past viral invaders. CRISPR technology has been adapted for use in genetic engineering, enabling precise modifications to DNA in various organisms. This innovative tool allows scientists to edit genes, potentially leading to advancements in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology by facilitating targeted changes in the genetic code.