Clostridium botulinum is a type of bacteria that produces a potent toxin known as botulinum toxin. This toxin can cause a serious illness called botulism, which affects the nervous system and can lead to paralysis. The bacteria thrive in low-oxygen environments, such as improperly canned foods, and can be found in soil and untreated water. Botulism can occur in different forms, including foodborne, wound, and infant botulism. Symptoms may include weakness, double vision, and difficulty swallowing or breathing. Proper food preservation techniques and hygiene practices are essential to prevent the growth of Clostridium botulinum and the risk of botulism.