Climate change projections are scientific estimates about how the Earth's climate will change in the future due to factors like greenhouse gas emissions. These projections use complex computer models that simulate the interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, and land. They help predict changes in temperature, precipitation, and extreme weather events over the coming decades. Scientists often present these projections in scenarios, such as the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) reports, which outline different pathways based on varying levels of emissions. Understanding these projections is crucial for governments, businesses, and communities to plan for potential impacts on ecosystems, economies, and public health.