Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a laboratory technique used to study the interactions between proteins and DNA within chromatin. It allows researchers to identify specific regions of the genome that are bound by proteins, such as transcription factors or histones, which play crucial roles in regulating gene expression. The process involves cross-linking proteins to DNA, followed by fragmentation of the chromatin. Specific antibodies are then used to isolate the protein-DNA complexes. After washing away unbound materials, the DNA can be extracted and analyzed, providing insights into how proteins influence gene regulation and cellular functions.