Chief Standing Bear was a prominent leader of the Ponca tribe in the late 19th century. He is best known for his legal battle in 1879, which challenged the U.S. government's treatment of Native Americans. Standing Bear argued that Native Americans were entitled to the same rights as other citizens, particularly the right to return to their ancestral lands. His case, known as Standing Bear v. Crook, marked a significant moment in Native American history. The court ruled in his favor, recognizing that Native Americans are persons under the law. This landmark decision helped to raise awareness about the rights of Native Americans and their struggles during this period.