Chess endgames are the final phase of a chess game, occurring after most pieces have been exchanged. In this stage, players focus on promoting pawns and checkmating the opponent's king. Understanding endgame principles is crucial, as even a small advantage can lead to victory. Key concepts in chess endgames include king activity, pawn structure, and the importance of piece coordination. Common endgame scenarios involve king and pawn versus king, or rook endgames, where players must utilize their remaining pieces effectively. Mastering these techniques can significantly improve overall chess performance.