Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, or iron. Unlike phototrophs, which use sunlight for energy, chemolithotrophs rely on chemical reactions to fuel their growth and metabolism. They play a crucial role in various ecosystems, particularly in nutrient cycling and the breakdown of minerals. These organisms are often found in extreme environments, such as deep-sea hydrothermal vents and acidic hot springs. Chemolithotrophs contribute to the biogeochemical cycles of elements like nitrogen and sulfur, helping to maintain ecological balance and supporting other life forms in their habitats.