The Chautauqua Movement began in the late 19th century in the United States as a series of educational and cultural programs. It aimed to provide adult education through lectures, discussions, and performances, often held in summer camps. The movement emphasized self-improvement and lifelong learning, attracting diverse audiences. Chautauqua assemblies featured notable speakers, including Mark Twain and Helen Keller, and covered various topics such as literature, science, and religion. The movement played a significant role in promoting social reform and cultural enrichment, influencing the development of community education programs across the country.