Charvaka is an ancient Indian philosophical system that emphasizes materialism and skepticism. It advocates for a worldview based on direct perception and empirical evidence, rejecting supernatural beliefs and the afterlife. Charvaka philosophers argue that the only valid source of knowledge is through the senses, promoting a hedonistic approach to life. The teachings of Charvaka are often contrasted with other Indian philosophies, such as Vedanta and Buddhism, which incorporate spiritual elements and metaphysical concepts. Despite its historical significance, Charvaka has largely been overshadowed by these other traditions, yet it remains an important part of India's philosophical heritage.