Charles Scott Sherrington was a British neurophysiologist born in 1857. He is best known for his pioneering work in understanding the functions of the nervous system. Sherrington's research laid the foundation for modern neuroscience, particularly through his studies on reflexes and the concept of synapses, which are the connections between nerve cells. In 1932, Sherrington was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contributions to the field. His influential book, The Integrative Action of the Nervous System, published in 1906, detailed his findings and theories, significantly advancing the understanding of how the brain and spinal cord communicate with the body.