Chalcogens are a group of elements found in Group 16 of the periodic table. This group includes oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium. Chalcogens are known for their diverse chemical properties and play essential roles in various biological and geological processes. For example, oxygen is vital for respiration in living organisms. These elements typically form compounds with metals and nonmetals, often exhibiting oxidation states of -2, -1, 0, +1, +4, or +6. Chalcogens are important in industries, such as the production of sulfuric acid and selenium in electronics. Their unique properties make them significant in both chemistry and environmental science.