Centrifugal compressors are mechanical devices that increase the pressure of gases by using rotational energy. They work by drawing in air or gas through an inlet and then spinning it rapidly with a rotating impeller. This action converts kinetic energy into pressure energy, allowing the gas to be compressed and moved through a system. These compressors are commonly used in various applications, including gas turbines, refrigeration systems, and air conditioning. Their design allows for high efficiency and the ability to handle large volumes of gas, making them essential in industries such as petrochemical and power generation.