Cellular senescence is a biological process where cells lose their ability to divide and grow. This can occur due to various factors, such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, or the natural aging process. Senescent cells can remain metabolically active but do not replicate, which can contribute to tissue dysfunction over time. These cells often secrete pro-inflammatory factors, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which can affect surrounding cells and promote inflammation. While cellular senescence plays a role in preventing cancer by stopping the proliferation of damaged cells, an accumulation of senescent cells is linked to age-related diseases and conditions.