Cell sorting techniques are methods used to separate and analyze different types of cells from a mixed population. These techniques are essential in research and clinical applications, allowing scientists to isolate specific cell types for further study or treatment. Common methods include flow cytometry, which uses lasers to identify and sort cells based on their characteristics, and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS), which employs magnetic beads to capture targeted cells. Another technique is fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), a specialized form of flow cytometry that sorts cells based on fluorescent markers. These sorting methods enable researchers to investigate cellular functions, study disease mechanisms, and develop targeted therapies, making them vital tools in modern biology and medicine.