Cell culture techniques involve growing cells in a controlled environment outside their natural setting. This process allows scientists to study cell behavior, test drugs, and understand diseases. Commonly used cell types include bacterial cells, animal cells, and plant cells, each requiring specific conditions such as temperature, pH, and nutrient supply. To perform cell culture, researchers typically use sterile equipment and media to prevent contamination. Cells are placed in flasks or dishes and monitored for growth. Techniques like subculturing and cryopreservation help maintain healthy cell lines for long-term studies, making cell culture essential in fields like biotechnology and pharmaceutical research.