A cavern is a large underground space, often formed by the erosion of rock, typically limestone. These natural formations can vary in size and shape, featuring stalactites and stalagmites created by mineral deposits from dripping water. Caverns are often part of a larger cave system and can be found in many regions around the world. Caverns can serve various purposes, including tourism, scientific research, and habitat for wildlife. Many famous caverns, such as Carlsbad Caverns in New Mexico and Luray Caverns in Virginia, attract visitors with their stunning geological features and unique ecosystems.