Catalytic reactions are chemical processes that speed up the rate of a reaction without being consumed in the process. A catalyst, which can be a substance like an enzyme or a metal, lowers the activation energy needed for the reaction to occur. This allows reactants to convert into products more efficiently. These reactions are essential in various industries, including petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, where they help produce desired compounds quickly and economically. Catalysts can be specific to certain reactions, making them valuable tools in chemical engineering and biochemistry for optimizing production methods and reducing waste.