Casting methods are techniques used to shape materials, typically metals, by pouring them into a mold. This process allows for the creation of complex shapes and designs that would be difficult to achieve through other manufacturing methods. Common casting methods include sand casting, investment casting, and die casting, each with its own advantages and applications. In sand casting, a mixture of sand and a binding agent forms the mold, while investment casting uses a wax pattern that is melted away to create a precise mold. Die casting involves forcing molten metal into a steel mold under high pressure, resulting in high-quality, detailed parts. These methods are essential in industries like automotive and aerospace.