Cartilage damage occurs when the smooth tissue that cushions joints becomes worn or injured. This can lead to pain, swelling, and reduced mobility, making everyday activities difficult. Common causes include sports injuries, aging, and conditions like osteoarthritis. When cartilage is damaged, it may not heal well on its own since it lacks a direct blood supply. Treatment options vary and can include physical therapy, medications, or even surgery in severe cases. Maintaining a healthy weight and staying active can help protect cartilage and reduce the risk of damage in the first place.