Cardinal Giovanni Battista Farnese (1468–1540) was an influential figure in the Roman Catholic Church during the Renaissance. Born into the prominent Farnese family, he became a cardinal in 1493 and played a significant role in the politics of the Church. His tenure included involvement in various papal conclaves and the administration of church affairs. Farnese was also known for his patronage of the arts and architecture. He commissioned several important works, including the renovation of the Palazzo Farnese in Rome, which became a symbol of his family's power and influence. His contributions helped shape the cultural landscape of the time.