Carboxylases are a type of enzyme that catalyze the addition of a carboxyl group (–COOH) to a substrate. This process is essential in various biochemical pathways, including the synthesis of fatty acids and the metabolism of carbohydrates. One well-known carboxylase is pyruvate carboxylase, which plays a crucial role in gluconeogenesis, converting pyruvate into oxaloacetate. These enzymes require specific cofactors, such as biotin, to function effectively. Carboxylases are vital for maintaining metabolic balance and supporting cellular functions. Their activity is tightly regulated, ensuring that the production of key metabolites occurs as needed in the body.