Decarboxylases are enzymes that facilitate the removal of a carboxyl group from a molecule, typically in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2). This process is crucial in various biological reactions, including the metabolism of amino acids and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. By catalyzing decarboxylation, these enzymes help convert substrates into more reactive forms, enabling further biochemical transformations. These enzymes play a significant role in cellular respiration and the production of energy. For example, the decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA is a key step in the Krebs cycle, which generates energy for the cell. Overall, decarboxylases are essential for maintaining metabolic balance and supporting various physiological functions.