The Carboniferous period occurred approximately 359 to 299 million years ago, during the late Paleozoic era. It is known for its vast forests of giant ferns and trees, which contributed to the formation of extensive coal deposits. The climate was warm and humid, creating ideal conditions for plant growth and the development of diverse ecosystems. During the Carboniferous period, many marine and terrestrial organisms thrived. This era saw the rise of early amphibians and the first reptiles, as well as a variety of insects, including large dragonflies. The period played a crucial role in shaping Earth's atmosphere and biodiversity, setting the stage for future evolutionary developments.