Carbonate rock is a type of sedimentary rock primarily composed of carbonate minerals, such as calcite and dolomite. These rocks form from the accumulation of organic materials, like shells and coral, or through chemical processes in water. Common examples of carbonate rocks include limestone and dolostone, which are often found in marine environments. These rocks play a significant role in the Earth's carbon cycle, acting as a reservoir for carbon dioxide. They are also important in various industries, including construction and agriculture, where they are used for making cement and as soil amendments.