The "Cannonball Problem" is a mathematical challenge that involves finding the number of ways to arrange a certain number of cannonballs in a triangular formation. Specifically, it seeks to determine how many different triangular numbers can be formed using a given total of cannonballs. A triangular number is a number that can be represented as a triangle with dots, where each row contains one more dot than the previous row. This problem is often associated with the work of the mathematician Gauss, who famously discovered a formula for calculating the sum of the first n natural numbers. The Cannonball Problem can be expressed using the formula for triangular numbers, which is T_n = \fracn(n + 1)2 . This relationship helps in understanding the arrangement of cannonballs and their geometric properties.