Canadian history began long before European settlers arrived, with Indigenous peoples inhabiting the land for thousands of years. These diverse groups, such as the First Nations, Inuit, and Métis, developed rich cultures and societies, each with their own languages and traditions. In the 16th century, European explorers like Jacques Cartier and Samuel de Champlain arrived, leading to the establishment of New France. Over time, British and French colonial interests clashed, culminating in the Seven Years' War. Canada eventually became a self-governing dominion in 1867, uniting several provinces under the British North America Act.