Caliper brakes are a type of braking system commonly used in bicycles and some vehicles. They consist of a caliper that houses brake pads on either side of a wheel's rim. When the brake lever is pulled, the caliper squeezes the pads against the rim, creating friction that slows down or stops the wheel. There are two main types of caliper brakes: single-pivot and dual-pivot. Single-pivot calipers are simpler and lighter, while dual-pivot calipers provide more stopping power and better modulation. Caliper brakes are popular for their effectiveness and ease of maintenance, making them a reliable choice for many riders.