California politics is characterized by a diverse and dynamic landscape, reflecting the state's large population and varied interests. The state government operates under a democratic system, with a Governor, a bicameral legislature, and various local governments. Key issues often include environmental policy, housing affordability, and immigration, which are influenced by California's unique demographics and economy. The political climate in California leans predominantly toward the Democratic Party, which has held the governorship for most of the past two decades. However, there are also significant Republican and Independent movements, particularly in rural areas. Voter engagement is high, with initiatives and referendums frequently shaping policy decisions.