Cache optimization refers to techniques used to improve the efficiency of data retrieval in computing systems. By storing frequently accessed data in a faster storage area, known as a cache, systems can reduce the time it takes to access information. This is particularly important in applications where speed is critical, such as in web browsers or databases. Effective cache optimization involves strategies like cache replacement policies, which determine how to manage stored data, and cache coherence, ensuring that multiple caches reflect the same data. By optimizing these processes, systems can enhance performance, reduce latency, and improve overall user experience.