Cacao trees, scientifically known as Theobroma cacao, are tropical plants native to Central and South America. They thrive in warm, humid climates and typically grow in shaded areas under larger trees. Cacao trees produce large, colorful pods that contain cacao beans, which are the primary ingredient in chocolate. The beans are harvested, fermented, and dried before being processed into cocoa solids and cocoa butter. Cacao trees can grow up to 15-25 feet tall and require specific conditions, such as well-drained soil and consistent rainfall, to flourish. They play a crucial role in the global chocolate industry.