The Children's Online Privacy Protection Act, or COPPA, is a U.S. federal law designed to protect the privacy of children under the age of 13. Enacted in 1998, it requires websites and online services directed at children to obtain parental consent before collecting personal information. This includes data like names, addresses, and email addresses. COPPA also mandates that companies must provide clear privacy policies and ensure the security of the information they collect. The law aims to give parents control over their children's online activities and to promote safer internet practices for young users.