The C horizon is a layer of soil found beneath the A horizon (topsoil) and B horizon (subsoil) in the soil profile. It consists mainly of weathered rock and unconsolidated material, which has not yet undergone significant soil formation processes. This layer serves as a transition zone between the underlying bedrock and the upper soil layers. The C horizon plays a crucial role in the overall soil structure, providing minerals and nutrients that can be gradually released into the upper layers. It is important for the development of soil fertility and supports the growth of vegetation by influencing water drainage and root penetration.