The Byzantine territories primarily encompassed the eastern part of the former Roman Empire, centered around the city of Constantinople. At its height, the Byzantine Empire included regions in Southeast Europe, Anatolia, parts of the Middle East, and North Africa. The empire was known for its rich cultural heritage and significant contributions to art, architecture, and law. Key territories included Greece, Syria, and Egypt, which were vital for trade and military strategy. The Byzantine Empire played a crucial role in preserving classical knowledge and influencing the development of Eastern Orthodox Christianity.