The Byzantine era refers to the period of the Byzantine Empire, which lasted from approximately 330 AD, when Constantinople was established, until 1453 AD, when the city fell to the Ottoman Empire. This era is characterized by a rich blend of Roman, Greek, and Christian influences, leading to significant developments in art, architecture, and law. During the Byzantine era, the empire became a center of trade and culture, preserving ancient knowledge and fostering advancements in various fields. The Justinian Code, a collection of laws, and the stunning Hagia Sophia are notable achievements from this time, reflecting the empire's enduring legacy.