A Buck-Boost Converter is a type of DC-DC converter that can step up (boost) or step down (buck) an input voltage to a desired output voltage. It is particularly useful in applications where the input voltage may vary above or below the required output voltage, allowing for efficient power management. This converter uses an inductor, switch, diode, and capacitor to regulate voltage. When the switch is closed, energy is stored in the inductor, and when it opens, the energy is released to the output, either increasing or decreasing the voltage as needed. This makes it valuable in devices like solar panels and battery chargers.