Brucella is a genus of bacteria that can cause brucellosis, an infectious disease primarily affecting livestock and humans. These bacteria are typically transmitted through unpasteurized dairy products, direct contact with infected animals, or inhalation of contaminated aerosols. Brucella species are small, non-motile, and can survive within host cells, making them particularly challenging to eliminate. In humans, brucellosis can lead to symptoms such as fever, sweats, and fatigue, and may require prolonged antibiotic treatment for effective management.