Brotli is a compression algorithm developed by Google that is designed to reduce the size of data for faster web page loading. It is particularly effective for compressing text-based files, such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, making it a popular choice for web developers aiming to improve website performance. Brotli works by using a combination of techniques, including dictionary compression and Huffman coding, to achieve better compression ratios than older algorithms like Gzip. It is supported by most modern web browsers, allowing for efficient data transfer and improved user experience on the internet.