Bronchial inflammation, also known as bronchitis, occurs when the airways in the lungs become swollen and irritated. This condition can be caused by infections, allergens, or exposure to irritants like smoke and pollution. Symptoms often include coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing, as the inflamed airways produce excess mucus. There are two main types of bronchial inflammation: acute and chronic. Acute bronchitis usually develops from a viral infection and lasts for a short period, while chronic bronchitis is a long-term condition often linked to smoking or prolonged exposure to irritants. Treatment typically focuses on relieving symptoms and improving airflow.