British art history spans centuries, beginning with medieval works like illuminated manuscripts and evolving through the Renaissance. Notable movements include the Pre-Raphaelites, who focused on vivid colors and detailed subjects, and Romanticism, which emphasized emotion and nature. The 20th century saw the rise of modern art, with influential figures such as David Hockney and Lucian Freud. Contemporary art continues to thrive, showcasing diverse styles and mediums, reflecting the dynamic cultural landscape of Britain. Key institutions like the Tate Gallery play a vital role in preserving and promoting British art.