J.M.W. Turner, or Joseph Mallord William Turner, was an English painter born on April 23, 1775, in London. He is best known for his expressive use of color and light, which helped to shape the Romantic movement in art. Turner's works often depict landscapes, seascapes, and historical scenes, showcasing his fascination with nature and the sublime. Turner became a member of the Royal Academy in 1802 and was known for his innovative techniques, such as using loose brushwork and vibrant colors. His famous paintings, like The Fighting Temeraire and Rain, Steam and Speed, illustrate his ability to capture the effects of light and atmosphere, influencing future artists, including the Impressionists.