Branch lines are secondary railway lines that connect smaller towns and rural areas to main railway networks. They allow for the transportation of passengers and goods to places that may not be directly served by major train routes. These lines often have lower traffic volumes and can be crucial for local economies. Typically, branch lines are shorter and may have fewer stations than main lines. They can be operated by various types of trains, including diesel or electric units, depending on the region. Many branch lines have historical significance and contribute to the preservation of local heritage and culture.