Brain nuclei are clusters of neurons located within the central nervous system, primarily in the brain. They play crucial roles in processing information and regulating various functions, such as movement, emotion, and cognition. Each nucleus has specific connections and functions, contributing to the overall operation of the nervous system. These nuclei are often named based on their location or function, such as the caudate nucleus and thalamus. They work together with other brain structures to facilitate communication and coordination, ensuring that the body responds appropriately to internal and external stimuli.