Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus (BIV) is a retrovirus that affects cattle, leading to a condition similar to human HIV infection. It primarily targets the immune system, weakening the animal's ability to fight off infections and diseases. BIV is transmitted through bodily fluids, such as blood and saliva, and can be spread during breeding or through shared equipment. Infected cattle may not show symptoms for years, but they can still spread the virus. While there is no cure for BIV, management practices, including good hygiene and regular health monitoring, can help reduce its impact on herds.